At the same time, the growing volume of production processes within the agricultural industry entail an increase in the amount of waste, most of which, despite potentially interesting properties, is not employed, which opens up the question of finding promising methods of use. An increase in the production of RCSs makes relevant the search for ways to reduce cost, which can be quite high. The traditional mineral components of the concrete mixture are non-renewable resources, which, despite their large number, raise the question of the relevance of their local replacement with natural and renewable counterparts. The expedient effective replacement of CA with RT shells led to a reduction in battered stone of up to 8%.Ĭoncrete and RCSs occupy one of the main roles in modern construction around the world, the growth in the pace and volume of which is inevitably associated with an increase in the need for raw materials and construction materials for structures and buildings. The microstructure of hardened concrete samples with partial replacement of CA with RT seed shells in the amount of 2%, 4% and 6% was the densest with the least amount of pores and microcracks in comparison with the structure of the sample of the control composition, as well as samples with the replacement of CA with RT seed shells in an amount of more than 6%. The modulus of elasticity increased to 7%. The decrease in strain features under axial compression and under axial tension was 6% and 5%, respectively. The maximum increase in strength features was observed when replacing coarse filler with 4% RT seed shell by volume and amounted to, for compressive and axial compressive strength (CS) and tensile and axial tensile strength (TS) in twisting, 6% and 8%, respectively. Scanning electronic microscopy was employed to investigate the structure of the obtained concrete examples. CA was replaced by volume with RT seed shells in an amount from 2% to 16% in 2% increments. This research aimed to analyze the influence of preparation factors on concrete features with partial substitution of coarse aggregate (CA) with rubber tree (RT) seed shells and to determine the optimal composition that can make it possible to attain concrete with improved strength features. This can also solve the actual problem of disposal of unclaimed agricultural waste, the features of which may be of interest to the construction industry.
Concrete compositions full#
Photos by Spaces and Fort Delta.The growth in the volume of modern construction and the manufacture of reinforced concrete structures (RCSs) presents the goal of reducing the cost of building materials without compromising structures and opens questions about the use of environmentally friendly natural raw materials as a local or full replacement of traditional mineral components. View Vivian’s work featuring in the new Spaces installation gallery below. You can purchase Vivian’s work for your own office walls. Vivian’s work has previously been shown in the Sydney Contemporary Art Fair and was included in a group exhibition at Berlin’s Galeria Pavlova. Recent exhibitions include Concrete Compositions, Fort Delta, Melbourne in 2015 and The Year of the Savage at West Space, Melbourne in 2013. His recent work uses the materiality of the printed photograph to engage philosophical concepts such as the possibilities of dismantling digital thinking and the agency of the viewer. Having exhibited widely across Australia, Vivian is known for his conceptual approach to photography. The installation exhibits the work of Melbourne based photomedia artist Vivian Cooper Smith. CCP participates in annual and biennial festivals, develops offsite projects and events and frequently collaborates with related art and community organisations, and most recently have become a partner of Spaces. On 25th of September the CCP installed an exhibition at Spaces Richmond, helping to create an environment in which you can work with creative inspiration. Melbourne’s Centre for Contemporary Photography is one of Australia’s best venues for hosting the exhibitions of contemporary photo based arts from established and renown photographers to up-and-coming artists.
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